基于灰色关联度和动态偏离-份额分析法的上海市海洋产业结构分析          下载免费PDF全文

李煦  平瑛 《海洋开发与管理》2021,38(4):53-57

上海市拥有良好的海洋资源禀赋,发展海洋经济具有相对优势。为加快上海市海洋经济建设以及优化其海洋产业结构,文章利用2010—2016年的相关数据,采用灰色关联度和动态偏离-份额分析法,分别对上海市海洋三次产业的贡献度以及核心层、支撑层和外围层的动态偏离情况进行量化分析,得出上海市海洋产业结构的相关特征并提出建议。研究结果表明:在三次产业结构方面,与上海市海洋经济关联度最大的是海洋第三产业,其次是海洋第一产业和海洋第二产业,其中海洋第三产业对上海市海洋经济发展发挥最核心的作用;在产业层类方面,上海市海洋经济的核心层、支撑层和外围层均具有较合理的产业结构,其中支撑层的产业结构具有深度优化的态势;建议上海市重点扶持交通运输业和滨海旅游业等海洋产业,保持海洋科研教育管理服务业的持续投入,并关注和培育外围层的海洋相关产业。  相似文献   

Dynamics of local extreme rainfall of super Typhoon Soudelor (2015) in East China     

Jinsong Pan  Daigao Teng  Fuqing Zhang  Lingli Zhou  Ling Luo  Yonghui Weng  Yunji Zhang 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2018,61(5):572-594

The characteristics and dynamics associated with the distribution, intensity, and triggering factors of local severe precipitation in Zhejiang Province induced by Super Typhoon Soudelor (2015) were investigated using mesoscale surface observations, radar reflectivity, satellite nephograms, and the final (FNL) analyses of the Global Forecasting System (GFS) of the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The rainfall processes during Soudelor’s landfall and translation over East China could be separated into four stages based on rainfall characteristics such as distribution, intensity, and corresponding dynamics. The relatively less precipitation in the first stage resulted from interaction between the easterly wind to the north flank of this tropical cyclone (TC) and the coastal topography along the southeast of Zhejiang Province, China. With landfall of the TC in East China during the second stage, precipitation maxima occurred because of interaction between the TC’s principal rainbands and the local topography from northeastern Fujian Province to southwestern Zhejiang Province. The distribution of precipitation presented significant asymmetric features in the third stage with maximal rainfall bands in the northeast quadrant of the TC when Soudelor’s track turned from westward to northward as the TC decayed rapidly. Finally, during the northward to northeastward translation of the TC in the fourth stage, the interaction between a mid-latitude weather system and the northern part of the TC resulted in transfer of the maximum rainfall from the north of Zhejiang Province to the north of Jiangsu Province, which represented the end of rainfall in Zhejiang Province. Further quantitative calculations of the rainfall rate induced by the interaction between local topography and TC circulation (defined as “orographic effects”) in the context of a one-dimensional simplified model showed that orographic effects were the primary factor determining the intensity of precipitation in this case, and accounted for over 50% of the total precipitation. The asymmetric distribution of the TC’s rainbands was closely related to the asymmetric distribution of moisture resulted from changes of the TC’s structure, and led to asymmetric distribution of local intense precipitation induced by Soudelor. Based on analysis of this TC, it could be concluded that local severe rainfall in the coastal regions of East China is closely related to changes of TC structure and intensity, as well as the outer rainbands. In addition, precipitation intensity and duration will increase correspondingly because of the complex interactions between the TC and local topography, and the particular TC track along large-scale steering flow. The results of this study may be useful for the understanding, prediction, and warning of disasters induced by local extreme rainfall caused by TCs, especially for facilitating forecasting and warning of flooding and mudslides associated with torrential rain caused by interactions between landfalling TCs and coastal topography.  相似文献   

山西漫水井水位微动态特征及干扰因素分析     

窦立婷  杨顺达  平旗  李云  成诚 《山西地震》2019,(3):21-24,41

选取2008-2018年漫水井水位数据进行统计分析发现,漫水井水位受多种干扰因素影响,包括降雨、雷电、抽水干扰,传感器故障,路由器和数采死机。对其微动态特征研究发现漫水井水位长期趋势特征受抽水干扰及降雨共同影响,月动态、日动态特征可以看到明显的潮汐效应,同震响应能力较好。了解其微动态特征并准确识别相关干扰因素有助于识别地震前兆信息。  相似文献   

三峡澎溪河高阳平湖高水位期间磷-藻生态模型研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赫斌  李哲  冯婧  肖艳  郭劲松 《湖泊科学》2016,28(6):1244-1255

通过在前期建立的总磷模型基础上建立磷-藻模型.从正磷酸盐所代表的无机磷和藻类生物量所代表的有机磷入手,分析蓄水期所累积的磷在高水位时期各种形态转化和循环机制,以期从定性和定量两方面说明冬季末水华暴发所消耗磷的来源.研究表明:高水位蓄水期、稳定期和水华期这3个阶段中各磷库磷通量各不相同.淹没消落带磷释放是该时期高阳平湖溶解性正磷酸盐的主要来源(占总输入通量的72.69%),其释放量与被淹没消落带面积和消落带水土界面磷交换速率有关,淹没消落带面积越多,磷交换速率越高,磷释放量越大,对整个磷循环的贡献越大.但水华期间藻磷的合成率最大仅为14.4%,藻类对冬季高水位期间所积累磷的利用量依然相对较低.  相似文献   

基于MGS测图段部分弧段的精密定轨及火星重力场模型解算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鄢建国  李斐  平劲松 《测绘学报》2010,39(5):484-490

火星探测器精密定轨关联到火星探测任务的成功实施并为其科学目标的顺利完成提供保障,火星重力场研究除了为精密定轨服务外,还是进行火星内部结构、火星表面质量迁移及火星形成和演化的重要约束条件。基于火星探测器精密定轨及火星重力场研究的重要意义,本文利用MGS（Mars Global Surveyor）测图任务阶段近两个月的轨道跟踪数据进行了解算分析,对精密定轨结果进行了精度评价。在此基础上,进行了火星重力场模型解算,通过轨道残差、火星自由空气重力异常等方式对解算模型进行了精度评价,结果表明解算模型合理。这一研究为我国即将发射的火星探测计划“萤火一号”轨道跟踪数据用于火星重力场研究打下了基础。  相似文献   

5种干旱指数在西藏高原地区的适用性评估          下载免费PDF全文

高佳佳  石磊  巴桑  平措桑旦  次白  索朗旺堆 《气象科学》2023,43(1):80-90

为了解不同干旱指标在西藏高原地区的适用性,本文通过利用Pa、MI、SPI、CI和FAO P-M干旱指数对西藏高原月尺度旱情等级进行评估,分析了各指标在描述旱情时的异同,并统计出各种指数的一致性及等级差异。结果表明:近20 a干旱过程中,MI、FAO P-M指数未监测出轻旱等级,而对于中旱、重旱等级,FAO P-M指数表现较好。从空间分布来看,FAO P-M指数在各个地区表现较好。从时间分布来看,FAO P-M指数在不同干旱过程期间,描述的干旱强度和中心位置与实际情况更接近;其次是Pa指数,其他指数综合表现相对较差。5种干旱指数在衡量西藏地区干旱程度上的一致性并不好;从两两指数之间反映干旱程度上出现一致性频次上看出,Pa-FAO P-M指数出现的次数最多,其次是Pa-SPI-CI指数的出现次数,MI-CI指数的出现次数最少。通过差异性分析得出,全区干旱指数不一致率平均大于20%,阿里地区和林芝地区的干旱指数整体不一致率最高,拉萨地区的干旱指数整体不一致率最低。  相似文献   

东海沿岸海域牡蛎体内的重金属含量及其污染评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李磊  袁骐  平仙隐  王云龙  沈新强 《海洋通报》2010,29(6)

利用火焰原子吸收光谱法、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法、冷原子吸收光度法对2007年6月份在东海沿岸海域采集的牡蛎(Ostreasp.)样品中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、As、Cr、Hg、Ni共8种重金属进行了分析。结果表明:牡蛎体内重金属含量之间存在明显差异,Cu和Zn的含量显著高于其它重金属的含量,且两者之间存在有显著的正相关关系。与海洋贝类的生物质量标准相比,牡蛎体内的重金属含量基本上都还没有超过各自的第二和第三类评价标准,这说明当前东海沿岸海域牡蛎的生物质量总体上尚较好。各类重金属在东海沿岸海域的空间分布基本上以长江口含量为最高,其余海域含量较低,各海域重金属污染程度可分为三类,第一类环境质量较好,第二类环境质量一般,第三类海域环境污染程度较严重,人类活动是污染的主要来源。  相似文献